External envelope
The external envelope, including façades, cladding, and weatherproofing, shapes both appearance and performance. These materials vary widely in composition and emissions intensity. Comparing options helps balance thermal efficiency goals with carbon transparency.
VELFAC Ribo wood – Top-guided window
VELFAC
56.70
m2
Denmark
1034 System PVDF SSG
Overgaard Ltd.
278.46
m2
Hong Kong
634 System Anodize Captured
Overgaard Ltd.
218.46
m2
Hong Kong
STRUGAL S53RP+ (Anodized)
STRUGAL
116.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S53RP+ (Coated)
STRUGAL
113.00
m2
Spain
1034 System PVDF Captured
Overgaard Ltd.
336.92
m2
Hong Kong
634 System PVDF Captured
Overgaard Ltd.
215.38
m2
Hong Kong
Extruded aluminium profiles (worst-case: thermal break)
Guangdong Galuminium Extrusion Co., Ltd
29.00
kg
China
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 4 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
3.51
m2
India
STRUGAL S52CRI (Coated)
STRUGAL
83.40
m2
Spain
Hyperion® Aluminium Profiles (average across all listed products)
EnviroBuild Materials Ltd.
22.40
kg
United Kingdom
Uncoated Aluminium Profile
Altaiseer Aluminium Company
15.60
kg
Saudi Arabia
Uncoated Aluminum Profile
Kurtoğlu Aluminium
5.17
kg
Turkey
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 12 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
10.50
m2
India
634 System PVDF SSG
Overgaard Ltd.
178.46
m2
Hong Kong
126 T Punched Windows PVDF
Overgaard Ltd.
285.00
m2
Hong Kong
M60 Curtain wall aluminium system
ALUMIL S.A.
139.00
m2
Greece
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board 10 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
8.48
m2
India
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 16 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
14.00
m2
India
STRUGAL S82RP (Coated)
STRUGAL
149.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S74RP (Anodized)
STRUGAL
140.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S74RP (Coated)
STRUGAL
137.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S64RP (Anodized)
STRUGAL
128.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S64RP (Coated)
STRUGAL
125.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S82RP (Anodized)
STRUGAL
152.00
m2
Spain
Cladding Sheet - 4.5mm
CSR Building Products Limited
5.66
m2
Australia
COLORBOND® steel 0.30mm BMT
BlueScope Steel Ltd
9.84
m2
Australia
Cladding Sheet - 6mm
CSR Building Products Limited
6.38
m2
Australia
ZINCALUME® steel 1.20mm BMT
BlueScope Steel Ltd
26.90
m2
Australia
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board 8 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
6.78
m2
India
VELFAC Ribo wood – Top-guided window
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
1034 System PVDF SSG
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
634 System Anodize Captured
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S53RP+ (Anodized)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S53RP+ (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
1034 System PVDF Captured
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
634 System PVDF Captured
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Extruded aluminium profiles (worst-case: thermal break)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / kg (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / kg (A1-A3)
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 4 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S52CRI (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Hyperion® Aluminium Profiles (average across all listed products)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / kg (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / kg (A1-A3)
Uncoated Aluminium Profile
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / kg (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / kg (A1-A3)
Uncoated Aluminum Profile
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / kg (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / kg (A1-A3)
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 12 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
634 System PVDF SSG
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
126 T Punched Windows PVDF
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
M60 Curtain wall aluminium system
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board 10 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 16 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S82RP (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S74RP (Anodized)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S74RP (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S64RP (Anodized)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S64RP (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S82RP (Anodized)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Cladding Sheet - 4.5mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
COLORBOND® steel 0.30mm BMT
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Cladding Sheet - 6mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
ZINCALUME® steel 1.20mm BMT
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board 8 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Filter & sort
Ceramic / Porcelain / Stone
Ceramic
Concretes and concrete products
Other cement products
Other concrete and GFRC
Glass / Glazing
Glazing systems
Primary glass
Masonry
Masonry
Primary metals and cladding
Aluminium
Metal cladding
Footprint
kg CO₂e/unit
–
kg CO₂e/unit