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Exterior

External works include paving, landscaping, drainage, and outdoor structures. Often overlooked, these materials contribute to total embodied carbon. With accurate data, you can evaluate material sources and make more conscious selections for outdoor environments.

Benchmark

Lowest

Highest

Recycled densely graded aggregate
Recycled densely graded aggregate
ECORR
0.49
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
87%

below benchmark

Recycled Aggregate
Recycled Aggregate
ECORR
0.61
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
84%

below benchmark

Recycled 20 MM CLASS 2 RUBBLE –SUB BASE
Recycled 20 MM CLASS 2 RUBBLE –SUB BASE
ResourceCo
2.63
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
31%

below benchmark

Recycled 20 MM CLASS 2 RUBBLE –SUB BASE
Recycled 20 MM CLASS 2 RUBBLE –SUB BASE
ResourceCo
2.63
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
31%

below benchmark

Recycled -7 MM RECYCLED SAND
Recycled -7 MM RECYCLED SAND
ResourceCo
2.63
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
31%

below benchmark

Recycled -7 MM RECYCLED SAND
Recycled -7 MM RECYCLED SAND
ResourceCo
2.63
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
31%

below benchmark

Recycled glass sand
Recycled glass sand
ResourceCo
3.08
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
19%

below benchmark

Customer Spec. Roadbase
Customer Spec. Roadbase
Holcim
3.26
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
51%

below benchmark

Recycled 40 MM CLASS 2 RUBBLE – SUBBASE
Recycled 40 MM CLASS 2 RUBBLE – SUBBASE
ResourceCo
3.49
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
9%

below benchmark

Recycled 20 MM CLASS 1 RUBBLE– BASE COURSE
Recycled 20 MM CLASS 1 RUBBLE– BASE COURSE
ResourceCo
4.43
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
16%

above benchmark

Recycled 40 MM CLASS 2 RUBBLE –SUB BASE
Recycled 40 MM CLASS 2 RUBBLE –SUB BASE
ResourceCo
4.59
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
20%

above benchmark

Aggregate
Aggregate
BGC Australia
4.96
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
25%

below benchmark

Aggregate, Tylden quarry products
Aggregate, Tylden quarry products
Fulton Hogan
5.10
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
23%

below benchmark

Recycled PM1/20RM - BASE COURSE
Recycled PM1/20RM - BASE COURSE
ResourceCo
5.31
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
39%

above benchmark

Asphalt, Bitumate
Asphalt, Bitumate
ResourceCo
5.83
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
92%

below benchmark

Asphalt, BITUMATE
Asphalt, BITUMATE
ResourceCo
5.83
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
92%

below benchmark

Dust
Dust
Holcim
6.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
10%

below benchmark

Aggregate, Other Aggregates
Aggregate, Other Aggregates
Holcim
6.12
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
8%

below benchmark

Concrete Aggregates
Concrete Aggregates
Holcim
6.17
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
7%

below benchmark

Other Roadbase
Other Roadbase
Holcim
6.20
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
7%

below benchmark

Drainage Filter Sand
Drainage Filter Sand
Holcim
6.50
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
N/A

benchmark

Aggregate, Tynong quarry products
Aggregate, Tynong quarry products
Fulton Hogan
7.80
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
17%

above benchmark

Cement-treated Roadbase (0.5% cement)
Cement-treated Roadbase (0.5% cement)
Holcim
7.80
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
17%

above benchmark

Aggregate, Ballast
Aggregate, Ballast
Holcim
7.81
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
17%

above benchmark

Sealing Aggregate
Sealing Aggregate
Holcim
7.98
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
20%

above benchmark

Cement-treated Other Roadbase (0.5% cement)
Cement-treated Other Roadbase (0.5% cement)
Holcim
8.10
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
22%

above benchmark

Recycled 10/20 MM DRAINAGE AGGREGATES
Recycled 10/20 MM DRAINAGE AGGREGATES
ResourceCo
8.14
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
113%

above benchmark

Asphalt Aggregates
Asphalt Aggregates
Holcim
8.16
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
23%

above benchmark

Aggregate, Other Roadbase
Aggregate, Other Roadbase
Holcim
9.24
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
39%

above benchmark

Recycled 10/20 MM DRAINAGE AGGREGATES
Recycled 10/20 MM DRAINAGE AGGREGATES
ResourceCo
9.55
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
150%

above benchmark

Welshpool Bitupack
Welshpool Bitupack
Boral
11.30
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
84%

below benchmark

Recovered Aggregates
Recovered Aggregates
Repurpose It
16.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
319%

above benchmark

Roadbase Spec.
Roadbase Spec.
Holcim
31.70
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
N/A

benchmark

Gepps Cross Cold mix
Gepps Cross Cold mix
Boral
41.10
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
42%

below benchmark

Gepps Cross DG14 RAP15%
Gepps Cross DG14 RAP15%
Boral
42.40
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
41%

below benchmark

Montrose C320 20Si
Montrose C320 20Si
Boral
45.20
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
37%

below benchmark

Reconophalt South Australia AC14 C170 R50
Reconophalt South Australia AC14 C170 R50
Downer Group
45.40
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
36%

below benchmark

Gepps Cross Innovo 2
Gepps Cross Innovo 2
Boral
46.10
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
35%

below benchmark

Montrose C320 20Si 10% RAP
Montrose C320 20Si 10% RAP
Boral
46.30
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
35%

below benchmark

Deer Park C320 20Si 10% RAP
Deer Park C320 20Si 10% RAP
Boral
46.90
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
34%

below benchmark

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