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Sub-structure

The sub-structure forms the building’s foundation, including footings, slabs, and below-ground walls. Typically heavy in concrete and steel, these elements often account for a large share of total embodied carbon. Early-stage visibility into material impacts can support reduction strategies from the ground up.

Filter & sort
65MPa, Pre-mix Concrete HIGH STRENGTH (TAS, Launceston)
Boral
593.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
47.51%

above NABERS average

20MPa, HIGH SLUMP (VIC, Murray East/Hume)
Boral
288.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
43.28%

above NABERS average

32 MPa, Pre-mix concrete S32IN
Western Suburbs Concrete
320.63
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
28.77%

above NABERS average

25 MPa, Ready-Mix Concrete NORMAL CLASS GP BLEND (NSW) (Southern Highlands)
Concrite
272.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
22.52%

above NABERS average

32 MPa, Ready-Mix Concrete (LC)50 (NSW)
Concrite
187.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
24.90%

below NABERS average

50MPa, (QS502PR13)
Holcim
381.90
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
7.88%

above NABERS average

32 MPa, Concrete: NS32/20/100 manufactured at Smithfield
Advanced Readymix
175.98
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
29.32%

below NABERS average

50MPa, TREMIE (VIC, Melb South East Metro)
Boral
398.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
12.43%

above NABERS average

50MPa, VR450 GP/SLAG (VIC, Goulburn/Central Murray)
Boral
311.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
12.15%

below NABERS average

50MPa, ENVIROCRETE 40% (VIC, Melb South East Metro)
Boral
413.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
16.67%

above NABERS average

50MPa, ENVISIA (VIC, Loddon/Goldfields)
Boral
320.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
9.60%

below NABERS average

50MPa, NORMAL CLASS GP BLEND (VIC, Murray East/Hume)
Boral
495.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
39.83%

above NABERS average

50MPa, ENVIROCRETE (VIC, Mallee/Murray North)
Boral
415.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
17.23%

above NABERS average

50MPa, NORMAL CLASS GP BLEND (VIC, Ballarat/Goldfields)
Boral
496.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
40.11%

above NABERS average

50MPa, NORMAL CLASS GP/FA BLEND (VIC, Goulburn/Central Murray)
Boral
442.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
24.86%

above NABERS average

50MPa, ENVIROCRETE 30% (VIC, Melb South East Metro)
Boral
463.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
30.79%

above NABERS average

40MPa, (WE404E4)(Ecopact)
Holcim
271.18
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
11.09%

below NABERS average

40MPa, (QE402E)
Holcim
286.14
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
6.18%

below NABERS average

40MPa, (QE402E1)
Holcim
286.95
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
5.92%

below NABERS average

40MPa, (VS401VMWT)
Holcim
252.32
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
17.27%

below NABERS average

40MPa, (WE402E2)(Ecopact)
Holcim
264.17
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
13.39%

below NABERS average

40MPa, (VE402ENV)
Holcim
278.68
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
8.63%

below NABERS average

40MPa, (WE401E4)(Ecopact)
Holcim
271.18
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
11.09%

below NABERS average

50MPa, ENVIROCRETE 30% (VIC, Murray East/Hume)
Boral
480.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
35.59%

above NABERS average

50MPa, ENVIROCRETE 40% (VIC, Murray East/Hume)
Boral
429.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
21.19%

above NABERS average

50MPa, NORMAL CLASS GP BLEND (VIC, Goulburn/Central Murray)
Boral
500.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
41.24%

above NABERS average

50MPa, NORMAL CLASS GP/FA BLEND (VIC, Geelong/Bellarine)
Boral
458.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
29.38%

above NABERS average

Envirocrete plus concrete in-situ Perth metro - 65MPa (WA, Perth Metro)
Boral
362.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
9.95%

below NABERS average

ENVISIA concrete in-situ - 65MPa (WA, Perth Metro)
Boral
363.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
9.70%

below NABERS average

50MPa, HIGH SLUMP (VIC, Mallee/Murray North)
Boral
533.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
50.56%

above NABERS average

50MPa, NORMAL CLASS GP BLEND (VIC, Geelong/Bellarine)
Boral
477.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
34.75%

above NABERS average

50MPa, VR450 GP/SLAG (VIC, Ballarat/Goldfields)
Boral
324.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
8.47%

below NABERS average

Envirocrete concrete in-situ Perth metro - 65MPa (WA, Perth Metro)
Boral
386.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
3.98%

below NABERS average

20MPa, NORMAL CLASS GP BLEND (VIC, Geelong/Bellarine)
Boral
255.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
26.87%

above NABERS average

20MPa, NORMAL CLASS GP BLEND (VIC, Goulburn/Central Murray)
Boral
273.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
35.82%

above NABERS average

65MPa, Pre-mix Concrete TREMIE (NSW, Sydney)
Boral
379.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
5.72%

below NABERS average

65MPa, Pre-mix Concrete HIGH SLUMP (NSW, Sydney)
Boral
379.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
5.72%

below NABERS average

65MPa, HIGH SLUMP (VIC, Melb South East Metro)
Boral
480.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
19.40%

above NABERS average

ENVISIA concrete in-situ - 65MPa (VIC, Melb Metro)
Boral
383.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
4.73%

below NABERS average

Concrete in-situ QLD metro High slump 65MPa (QLD, Metro)
Boral
362.00
Upfront Carbon Emissions
kg CO2e / m3 (A1-A3)
9.95%

below NABERS average

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